Author: Vali Kaleji

  • Expanding Iran-Armenia Energy Ties Combat Yerevan’s Reliance on Russian Oil

    Executive Summary: The Iran-Armenia gas-for-electricity swap agreement allows both countries to address seasonal energy imbalances while enabling Iran to expand its influence in the South Caucasus region. Iran faces challenges through electricity shortages and sanctions, and Russia’s dominance in Armenia’s gas market via Gazprom hinders Iran’s efforts to expand exports and reduce Armenia’s reliance on…